LIAISON STATION
In December 2002, the Shanghai
Research Center
was founded at the Graduate School of Economics, and the following year, in
January 2003, a branch office was established at Fudan University, China.
The center's main focus is research on present-day China and its relation to East
Asian economies. There is a faculty exchange program between Kyoto University
and Fudan University,
and an educational program to train top-level specialists in fields relating to
the economy of East Asia is underway. For
example, lectures are given in analyzing the economies and management systems
of China and Japan.
In October 2005, Kyoto
University's Graduate
School of Engineering launched an endowed project of the Japan-China
Cooperative Research Laboratory on Environmental Technology. This joint project
conducted in conjunction with Tsinghua
University will be based at the
Cooperative Research and Education Center for Environmental Technology of Kyoto
University & Tsinghua University, which is located on the campus of Tsinghua University. We expect this program to
become a locus of joint research and education between Japan and China in the field of environmental
technology as well as a focal point for industry-academia partnerships.
The cutting-edge research undertaken at Kyoto University
is highly respected both internationally and domestically, and correspondingly
expectations are high for current projects such as the university's MEXT COE
Program projects. Almost half of Kyoto
University's 23 COE
initiatives have established overseas research stations. Additionally, the Research
Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere and the Center for Ecological Research
have set up observatories and field stations in Malaysia
and Indonesia
to engage in research surveys. In the near future, these overseas stations
(currently 32 in total) will form a network which will function as local
admissions offices in addition to conducting research.
In 2007, the proposal for Kyoto
University's Institute
for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences was adopted for inclusion in MEXT's World
Premier International Research Center (WPI) Initiative, an initiative providing
priority support for projects aimed at creating world-class research centers.
Note:
*MEXT: the Ministry of
Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
**The
Center of Excellence (COE) Program aims to elevate
the standards of education and research at Japanese universities. Its priority
is the formation of world-class research and education centers based on the
principle of excellence as judged by third-party evaluators. In 2002 MEXT began
implementing the 21st Century COE programs to assist Japanese
universities in competing internationally at the world's highest
standards. Based on an assessment
of the 21st Century COE Program, and with the intention of
continuing its fundamental principles, MEXT established the Global COE Program
in 2007. Kyoto University currently has 12 programs
which have been adopted as Global COE Programs.
INTERNATIONAL
STUDENTS
Kyoto University
was founded in 1897. Throughout its
history, the university has been dedicated to furthering higher education and
fostering free academic exchange.
Approximately 3,000 faculty members serve the academic and research
needs of more than 22,000 students.
Graduates of the university include Nobel Laureates, leading scientists,
prize-winning authors, and many more valued scholars. International students
come to Kyoto University from more than 90 countries
overseas.
ACADEMIC
CALENDAR 2009-2010
The academic year runs from April 1 to
March 31 of the following year, and is divided into two semesters.
Apr. 1 –
Sep. 30 First
Semester
Oct. 1 –
Mar. 31 Second
Semester
The following is the list of holidays
during the academic year.
June 18 University
Anniversary Day
Aug. 6 –
Sep. 30 Summer
Vacation
Dec. 27 –
Jan. 4 Winter
Vacation
17 National
Holidays
|
January
1
2nd
Mon. in Jan.
February
11
March 20
April 29
May 3
May 4
May 5
May 6*
3rd
Mon. in Jul.
3rd
Mon. in Sep.
September
22
September
23
2nd
Mon. in Oct.
November
3
November
23
December
23
|
New
Year's Day
Coming
of Age Day
National
Foundation Day
Vernal
Equinox Day
Constitution
Memorial Day
Children's
Day
Marine
Day
Respect
for the Aged Day
National
Day
Autumnal
Equinox Day
Health-Sports
Day
Culture
Day
Labor-Thanksgiving
Day
The
Emperor's Birthday
|
|
* Since Constitution Memorial Day
falls on Sunday, May 6 is also a holiday.
|
ACADEMIC PROGRAMS
Undergraduate course work is conducted in
the respective faculties, while graduate instruction is carried out in the
respective divisions of the graduate schools, institutes or centers concerned.
Degree-seeking undergraduate and
graduate students are categorized as regular students, while non-degree
students such as research students [Kenkyusei] and exchange students [Tokubetsu
Choukou Gakusei and Tokubetsu Kenkyu Gakusei] are classified as non-regular
students.
For details on particular faculties,
programs, admission requirements, selection, awarding degrees and such, please
direct your inquiries to the relevant administration office listed in the "CONTACT ADDRESSES (Educational Affairs)" at the end of "International Students"
information.
Most classes at Kyoto University
are taught in Japanese, unless otherwise specified. Those who wish to enroll in an
undergraduate program or a Master's program must have sufficient proficiency in
Japanese. While the University
offers Japanese language classes for international students, it does not have a
faculty of Japanese Language.
1. Undergraduate Students
Kyoto University
has ten faculties, all offering undergraduate degrees. The required period of attendance for
undergraduate programs is four years, except for the Faculties of Medicine and
Pharmaceutical Sciences.
In the Faculties of Medicine and
Pharmaceutical Sciences, only the School
of Human Health Sciences
and Division of Sciences for Drug Discovery require four years to complete,
whereas other schools and divisions in the Faculties of Medicine and
Pharmaceutical Sciences require six years to fulfill.
These periods are considered as a
consecutive educational course including general education subjects provided by
all the faculties, and the major subjects provided by a student's faculty.
For details on particular faculties,
programs, admission requirements, selection, awarding degrees and such, please
direct your inquiries to relevant administration offices listed in the
"CONTACT ADDRESSES (Educational Affairs)" at the end of
"International Students" information.
Admission Requirements
Completion of 12 years' schooling abroad,
or equivalent as recognized by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports,
Science and Technology (MEXT).
Equivalents recognized by MEXT such as
the International Baccalaureate.
Selection
General Admission
For General Admission, standards
for selection are the same for international applicants as for prospective
Japanese students. These applicants
are required to take both the examination by National Center
for University Entrance Examinations and the examination given by the
Faculty. For additional
information, please contact the faculty directly.
Special Selection
As for Special Selection, the
Faculties of Economics, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Engineering, and Agriculture
have independent selection processes for international students. In order to qualify for Special
Selection, the applicants must take Examination for Japanese University
Admission for International Students (EJU) and TOEFL, and then meet the
standards established by the faculty of their choice. For details, please contact the relevant
faculty directly.
Third Year
Admission
For the third year admission, the Faculties of Education,
Law, Economics and Medicine (Human Health Sciences only) accept international
applicants in the third year of their undergraduate programs. For details, please contact the relevant
faculty directly.
Admission of a
person with a bachelor's degree
The Faculty of Letters will accept applications
from graduates of overseas bachelor's degree programs (this includes those who
will have graduated by the time of their entrance to Kyoto University), while
the faculties of Integrated Human Studies, Economics, Science, and Engineering
administer entrance examinations only for those international applicants with
Kyoto University's bachelors' degrees (including those who will have graduated
by the time of their entrance to Kyoto University).
Awarding of Degrees
Kyoto University
awards bachelors' degrees to those who attend the University for four years and
satisfy the course and credit requirements in the faculties other than the
Faculties of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences.
In the Faculties of Medicine and
Pharmaceutical Sciences, the University awards bachelors' degrees to the School of Human Health Sciences and Division of
Sciences for Drug Discovery students who attend the University for four years
and satisfy the course and credit requirements. As for other Schools and
Divisions in the Faculties of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, the
University awards bachelors' degrees to those who attend the University for six
years and satisfy the course and credit requirements.
Tuition and Fees
All undergraduate students must pay the
following fees by the required deadline.
Tuition and fees for undergraduate students as
of April 2008
|
Item
|
Amount (yen)
|
|
Entrance Exam Fee
|
17,000
|
|
Matriculation Fee
|
282,000
|
|
Tuition (per year)
|
535,800
|
2. Graduate Students
In addition to fifteen Graduate Schools, Kyoto University
has four professional degree programs: Kyoto
University Law
School, School
of Public Health, School of Government
and Graduate School of Management.
All Graduate Schools, except for
Graduate School of Medicine, Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies,
Kyoto University
Law School,
School of Government, and Graduate School of
Management, offer five-year Doctoral Programs, of which the first two years can
be completed for a Master's Degree.
Graduate School
of Medicine has a four-year program leading to the degree of Doctor of Medical
Science.
Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies offers a five-year
Doctoral Program, but the Master's degree is only awarded in certain cases in
which the student has dropped out after two or more years' enrollment, acquired
the required number of credits, passed the required examinations, and whose
pre-doctoral thesis has been accepted.
School
of Public Health, School of Government
and Graduate School of Management offer two-year professional degree programs.
Kyoto University Law School provides a three-year professional
degree program.
For details on particular graduate schools,
programs, admission requirements, selection, awarding degrees and such, please
direct your inquiries to relevant administration offices listed in
"CONTACT ADDRESSES (Educational Affairs)" at the end of
"International Students" information.
Admission Requirements
a. Master's Program and Professional Degree Program
The candidate who has completed 16 years'
schooling abroad, or
The candidate who is 22 years of age or older
and has a bachelor's degree or higher, or equivalent as recognized by the
graduate school to which the application is being made.
b. Doctoral Program
The candidate who has completed a program at an
overseas university that is equivalent to a Master's program or a professional
degree program of Kyoto
University, or
The candidate who is 24 years of age or older
and has a Master's degree or higher, or equivalent as recognized by the
graduate school to which the application is being made.
c. Doctoral Program of the Graduate
School of Medicine
The candidate who has completed 18 years'
schooling abroad, or
The candidate who is 24 years of age or
older and has a bachelor's degree or higher, or equivalent as recognized by the
Graduate School of Medicine.
For further information, contact the
faculty you wish to enter.
Selection
The application deadlines and the test
schedules for the Graduate Entrance Examination vary among graduate
schools. The academic year begins
in April, with exceptions of some graduate schools accepting students in
October as well.
The Graduate Entrance Examination
consists of sections on the field of specialization, a foreign language, and an
oral examination.
More than half of the international
students at Kyoto
University are graduate
students. Most of them begin as
research students [Kenkyusei], and take six months to one year to prepare for
the Graduate Entrance Examination.
Awarding of Degrees
a. Master's Program
A Master's degree is awarded to
those who successfully complete two or more years of required course work and
research, pass the examination, and have their thesis accepted.
b. Professional Degree
Program (Other than Law
School)
A professional degree is awarded to those who successfully complete
two or more years of required course work.
c. Professional Degree
Program (Law School)
A Juris Doctor (professional degree) is awarded to those who
successfully complete three or more years of required course work at the Law School.
d. Doctoral Program
A doctor's degree is awarded to
those who successfully complete three or more years of required course work and
research, pass the examination, and have their thesis accepted.
e. Doctoral Program of the
Graduate School of Medicine
A doctor's degree of medicine is
awarded to those who successfully complete four or more years of required
course work and research, pass the examination, and have their thesis
accepted.
f. The
Five-Year Doctoral Program of the Graduate
School of Asian and
African Area Studies
A doctor's degree of Area Studies
is awarded to those who successfully complete five or more years of required
course work and research, pass the examination, and have their thesis accepted.
Tuition and Fees
All graduate students must pay the
following fees by the required deadline.
Tuition and fees for graduate students as of
April 2008
|
Item
|
Amount (yen)
|
|
Entrance Exam Fee
|
30,000
|
|
Matriculation Fee
|
282,000
|
|
Graduate School Tuition (per year)
|
535,800
|
|
Kyoto University Law School Tuition (per year)
|
804,000
|
3. Research Students
Those who wish to study in the graduate
schools, or who wish to do research at one of the institutes or centers, may
apply for the status of research student [Kenkyusei].
To qualify for research student status,
the applicant must first receive the approval of an advisor in the faculty,
graduate school, institute or center of his or her choice. After this, the applicant must submit an
application form and the necessary documents.
Research students are not eligible for
degrees.
For further information, please direct
your inquiries to relevant administration offices listed in "CONTACT ADDRESSES (Educational Affairs)" at the end of "International
Students" information.
Tuition and Fees
All research students must pay the
following fees by the required deadline.
Tuition and fees for research students as of
April 2008
|
Item
|
Amount (yen)
|
|
Entrance Exam Fee
|
9,800
|
|
Matriculation Fee
|
84,600
|
|
Tuition (per month)
|
29,700
|
4. Exchange Students
International students, whose institutions have a student exchange
agreement with Kyoto
University, may be
admitted as exchange students within a maximum of one year. There are two types of exchange
programs, Kyoto University International Education Program (KUINEP) and Kyoto
University General Exchange Program.
(1) Kyoto
University International
Education Program (KUINEP)
Kyoto University
launched this international program in 1997 at its centennial anniversary.
KUINEP is designed for
undergraduate students whose institutions have a student exchange agreement
with Kyoto University. All KUINEP lectures are offered in
English and they cover a wide range of subjects from the humanities to the
natural sciences. Students may
enroll in them as a "Special Auditor" in Kyoto University. Lectures for the fall semester begin in
October and end in February of the following year, and lectures for the spring
semester will follow from April to July.
KUINEP students receive a KUINEP Completion Certificate when they finish
the program. Students'
grades are reported to their home institutions at the end of every semester.
(2) Kyoto University
General Exchange Program
a. Special Auditor
Those who are enrolled either at
undergraduate or graduate level of their home institutions and who are
proficient in Japanese may be admitted by this category. Students can enroll in regular classes with Kyoto University
regular students, which are offered in
Japanese by each undergraduate faculty/graduate school. The academic calendar is the same as
that of KUINEP and students' grades are reported to their home
institutions at the end of every semester.
b. Special Research Student
Those who are enrolled in graduate schools at their home institutions can
deepen their own research under the instruction of an academic advisor at Kyoto
University without taking any courses lectured in classrooms: with the
condition that a suitable academic advisor for their research is available at
Kyoto University. Japanese
proficiency is not required only if the academic
advisor can guide the student by any language other than Japanese.
Application and Selection
Exchange application
packages are sent from Kyoto
University to
international offices of its partner universities in January every year. Prospective students should submit
application documents through the international office of their home
institution to Kyoto
University. Direct application from students to Kyoto University
will not be accepted.
Each exchange student will be assigned to
one of nine undergraduate faculties or fourteen graduate schools (no medical
students are accepted) of Kyoto
University according to
the student's area of interest.
VISA INFORMATION
In order to enter Japan to study at Kyoto University,
an international student needs a college student visa
[ryugaku visa].
When applying for a
college student visa, the applicant must bring certification or notification of
acceptance from Kyoto
University to the Japanese
Embassy or Consulate-General (diplomatic missions) in his or her country.
In addition to this document, the applicant
will have to present his or her valid passport. For details, please contact relevant
Japanese diplomatic missions.
SCHOLARSHIPS
1. Japanese
Government (Monbukagakusho: MEXT) Scholarships for Research Students (Graduate
Students and Research Students), Undergraduate Students, and Japanese Studies
Students
MEXT has been inviting international
students to study in Japan
at state expense since 1954. As of
April 2008, Research Students receive 
170,000 per month (160,000 in and after thirteenth
month of their stay in Japan),
while Undergraduate Students and Japanese Studies Students receive 134,000 per month (126,000 in and after twenty-fifth
month of their stay in Japan).
Applications should be made through the
Japanese diplomatic missions abroad (Embassy Recommendations) or through a
university in Japan
(University Recommendations and Domestic Selection).
For Embassy Recommendations, the Japanese
diplomatic missions in an applicant's country conduct document inspection,
achievement tests and an interview.
For University Recommendation, Kyoto University
screens the applications of students whose institutions have a student exchange
agreement with Kyoto
University, and
recommends them to MEXT.
Domestic Selection is available only to
privately financed students currently studying at a university in Japan. To be
eligible to apply, a student must meet one of the following criteria: 1) the
student is currently enrolled in an undergraduate program and is expected to be
enrolled in the final year of the same program on the forthcoming April 1st; 2)
the student is currently enrolled in an undergraduate program, or is currently
studying as a research student, and is expected to be enrolled in a graduate
degree (Master's, professional, or Doctoral) program on the forthcoming April
1st; 3) the student is currently enrolled in a graduate degree (Master's,
professional, or Doctoral) program.
2. Honors
Scholarship (Gakushushoreihi) by Japan Student Services Organization
(JASSO)
Privately financed international
students currently studying at a university in Japan
are eligible to apply for an Honors Scholarship which JASSO offers to help them
with their academic work and research in Japan. As of April 2008, selected undergraduate
students receive 50,000 per month while graduate
students receive 70,000 per month.
3. JASSO
International Student Scholarship for Short-Term Study in Japan
International students who are accepted
by a Japanese university under a student exchange agreement between the
Japanese host university and their home university abroad are eligible to apply
for JASSO International Student Scholarship for Short-Term Study in Japan. As of April 2008, the scholarship
includes a monthly stipend of 80,000, and one-time arrival
allowance of 150,000.
The application should be
made through exchange program coordinator of the student's university to
Foreign Student Division of Kyoto University. Direct application from students to
either Kyoto University or JASSO will not be
accepted.
4. Other
scholarships
About 50 foundations offer scholarships
for international students at Kyoto
University every
year. Students who wish to apply
for these scholarships are advised to regularly check the bulletin boards in
their faculty or graduate schools for the notice.
For further information on scholarships,
please visit JASSO website at http://www.jasso.go.jp and click "English/Other languages" 
"Study in Japan" "Scholarships."
ACCOMMODATION
Kyoto University
provides accommodations to international students and researchers. Three International Houses are
available: Shugakuin International
House, Uji International House, and Ohbaku International House.
For students, move-in period is April and
October. International students who
are newly coming to Kyoto
University either in
April or in October are eligible for the application. The application periods are January and
July (=three months prior to move-in).
The tenancy is six months or one year and cannot be extended.
For further information, please contact
relevant administration offices listed in "CONTACT ADDRESSES (Educational
Affairs)" at the end of "International Students" information.
SUPPORT
Japanese Language Education
The International
Center offers Japanese language
classes to international students and researchers at Kyoto University. The purpose of
these classes is to help them acquire the Japanese skills they need for daily
living in Japan
and/or for their research activities in their respective fields. The International Center
does not offer degree programs in Japanese language or Japanese studies.
Fifteen-week Japanese courses start in
April and October. The registration begins in late-March and late-September
respectively, at the administration office of students' Faculty and Graduate School, and Foreign Student Division.
For details, please refer to the section
by the International
Center in this bulletin.
International Student Tutorial System
A tutorial system for international
students is available for regular (degree-seeking) students and some
non-regular (non degree-seeking) students, based on a recommendation from their
supervisor. Generally, a tutor is a
graduate student selected from a graduate school which is related to an
international student's major.
Kyoto University
Infirmary Services
Kyoto University Infirmary Services
provide daily services such as medical treatment, health consultation, and
first aid for students and university staff. Its office hours are 10:00 - 12:30 and
14:00 - 16:30. It is closed on
weekends and national holidays.
The services consist of dermatology, internal
medicine, ophthalmology,
otolaryngology, psychiatry, and orthopedics (sports orthopedic medicine). Additionally, there is a sub-clinic on
Katsura campus, offering internal medicine services which are available on
Tuesday and Wednesday, and psychiatry services on Thursday and Friday. On Uji campus, there is also a
sub-clinic offering internal medicine services every Thursday.
Consultation itself is free of
charge. Payments are required for
treatment, clinical laboratory examination and medication. For further information, please refer to
the section by Kyoto University Health Service in this bulletin.
Counseling Office for International
Students
Counseling Office at the International Center is available to advise
international students about their concerns on private and academic
matters. The session is free
of charge, and what is discussed during counseling is strictly
confidential.
Contacts:
Ms. Atsuko Shiraishi
Prof. Yoshitaka Ohigashi
Assoc. Prof. Junko Kawai
In an emergency, please
call:
Prof. Ohigashi
at 075-753-2551 (domestic)
Foreign Student
Division
at 075-753-2542 (domestic)
For those who are fluent in Japanese,
there is also the Counseling Center at Kyoto
University. It is available on weekdays on Yoshida
campus, and every Monday on Katsura campus.
Student Lounge
'KI-ZU-NA'
Renovated from one of Kyoto
University's historic
structures, the stone-and-brick building offers a place where students can relax
and interact with each other. It
has a reading room, audio room, and a salon. There are open books, tapes, videos for
Japanese language study, and DVDs as well as newspapers in English and
Japanese.
The 'KI-ZU-NA' staff organizes various
activities to promote intercultural communication and understanding, such as
cherry blossom viewing and mochi-making.
CONTACT ADDRESSES (Educational Affairs)
Faculty of Integrated Human Studies
Yoshida
Nihonmatsu-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto
606-8501
Fax: +81-75-753-7874
Mail: 
Graduate School and
Faculty of Letters
Yoshida
Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto
606-8501
Fax: +81-75-761-0692
Mail: 
Graduate School and
Faculty of Education
Yoshida
Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto
606-8501
Fax: +81-75-753-3025
Mail: 
Graduate School and
Faculty of Law
Kyoto University Law
School
Yoshida
Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto
606-8501
Fax: +81-75-753-3104
Mail: 
Graduate School and
Faculty of Economics
Yoshida
Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto
606-8501
Fax: +81-75-753-3492
Mail: 
Graduate School and
Faculty of Science
Kitashirakawa
Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto
606-8502
Fax: +81-75-753-3624
Mail: 
Graduate School and
Faculty of Medicine
Master Course of School of Public Health
Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501
Fax: +81-75-753-4405
Mail: 
Graduate School of Medicine,
Master Course of School of
Human Health Sciences
Human Health Sciences, Faculty of
Medicine
53 Shogoin
Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto
606-8507
Fax: +81-75-751-3909
Mail: 
Graduate School and Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Yoshida
Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto
606-8501
Fax: +81-75-753-9276
Mail: 
Graduate School and
Faculty of Engineering
Yoshida
Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto
606-8501
Fax: +81-75-753-4796
Mail: 
Graduate School and Faculty
of Agriculture
Kitashirakawa
Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto
606-8502
Fax: +81-75-753-6320
Mail: 
Graduate School of Human
and Environmental Studies
Yoshida Nihonmatsu-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501
Fax: +81-75-753-2957
Mail: 
Graduate School of Energy
Science
Yoshida
Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto
606-8501
Fax: +81-75-753-4745
Mail:
Graduate School of Asian
and African Area Studies
46 Yoshida
Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto
606-8501
Fax: +81-75-753-7350
Mail: 
Graduate School of
Informatics
Yoshida Honmachi,
Sakyo-ku, Kyoto
606-8501
Fax: +81-75-753-5379
Mail: 
Graduate School of
Biostudies
Yoshida
Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto
606-8501
Fax: +81-75-753-9229
Mail: 
Graduate School of Global
Environmental Studies
Yoshida
Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto
606-8501
Fax: +81-75-753-9187
Mail: 
School of Government
Yoshida
Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto
606-8501
Fax: +81-75-753-3104
Mail: 
Graduate School of
Management
Yoshida
Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto
606-8501
Fax: +81-75-753-3492
Mail: 
Foreign Student Division
Yoshida
Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto
606-8501
Fax: +81-75-753-2562
Mail: 
THE KYOTO UNIVERSITY
FOUNDATION,
INC.
This independent foundation was established for the promotion of the
academic activities of the university, and provides financial support for
international exchange programs and academic
activities. It holds the Board
of the Kyoto University Foundation which is composed of selected alumni and faculty
members of the University, and the relevant persons from outside the
University. This Board decides on the award of grants and support for research
projects in the following categories.
1. Support
to promote international exchange
(A) Researchers
exchange
(B) International events
2. Support
to promote educational and academic research activities
(A) Academic
research activities
(B) Educational activities
3. Support
to improve facilities for education and research
4. Support
publication of excellent academic books and publications
5. Support
for public lectures and exhibitions
