Kyoto University Bulletin 2008-2009

DEPARTMENT OF PRIMARY CARE AND EMERGENCY MEDICINE

All patients with acute illness (1.cardiovascular, 2.neurovascular, 3.gastrointestinal, 4.respiratory tract, 5.metabolic and endocrine, 6.renal diseases) and trauma are triaged and treated immediately after arrival to emergency room in cooperation with all other clinical sections.

Professor :

KOIKE, Kaoru, M.D., D.Med.Sc.(Nihon Med. Sch.), D.Pharm.Sci. (Showa Univ.), 1. Emergency medicine; 2. Surgery

Associate Professor:

MATSUDA, Naoyuki, M.D., D.Med.Sc.

Assistant Professors:

SOMA, Toshiya, M.D., D.Med.Sc.(Kyoto Univ.), Surgery

YAMAHATA, Yoshihiro, M.D., Emergency medicine

NISHIYAMA, Kei, M.D., Cardiovascular diseases

OHTSURU, Shigeru, M.D., 1. Gastroenterology; 2. Hepatology

SUZUKI, Takao, M.D., D.Med.Sc.

DEPARTMENT OF NEPHROLOGY

The Department of Nephrology was founded as the Division of Artificial Kidneys of Kyoto University Hospital in 1970s and became the department in 2002. The Department has contributed to the progress in basic and clinical nephrology, and specializes in the treatment and study of various kidney diseases. The number of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is still increasing, and therefore the therapeutic advancement for ESRD is becoming highlighted. Among renal diseases, diabetic nephropathy is now the leading cause of ESRD worldwide. Moreover, recent studies have revealed that mild chronic renal dysfunction, irrespective of its causes, increase the risk for death and cardiovascular events, and is thus regarded as a new disease entity called chronic kidney disease (CKD). The Department focuses upon the pathophysiology and therapeutics of kidney diseases from various causes and of various stages as follows:

1) Diagnosis and treatment of primary glomerular diseases: glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome

2) Diagnosis and treatment of diabetic nephropathy, with special emphasis on early diagnosis and intensive therapy for diabetic nephropathy to achieve its remission and regression

3) Diagnosis and treatment of other secondary glomerular diseases and CKD: hypertensive nephrosclerosis, gout kidney, ischemic nephropathy, polycystic kidney disease, and collagen diseases

4) Management of chronic renal failure, with special interest in the therapy with the renin-angiotensin system blockade to get regression

5) Dialysis therapy for ESRD and management of its complications: hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis

6) Blood purification: hemodiafiltration, plasma exchange, plasma adsorption, and apheresis

7) Diagnosis and treatment of electrolyte and body fluid imbalance

Outline of Teaching Activities:

The Department is responsible for instruction in basic and clinical nephrology including chronic kidney disease, acute and chronic renal failure, dialysis therapy and its complications, blood purification, and electrolyte and body fluid balance in the field of internal medicine for undergraduate students and clinical trainees.

Outline of Research Activities:

The major fields in research are as follows:

1. Pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy

2. Early diagnosis and new treatment of diabetic nephropathy

3. Pathogenesis and treatment of glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome

4. Pathogenesis and management of ESRD

5. Management of acute renal failure

6. Hemodialysis and its complications

7. Peritoneal dialysis and its complications

Outline of Clinical Activities:

The Department of Nephrology is responsible for the out-patient clinic and medical ward of 14 beds in the field of kidney diseases. In cooperation with the Division of Artificial Kidneys, the Department is responsible for dialysis therapy and blood purification for in-patients with ESRD, hepatic failure, autoimmune diseases, post-transplant state, drug poisoning, and other acutely ill conditions such as systemic inflammation response syndrome. The Department is also responsible for blood access surgery and peritoneal dialysis induction. In cooperation with the Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, the Department takes care of education and management for out-patients with renal diseases.

Senior Lecturer:

FUKATSU, Atsushi, M.D., D.Med.Sc.(Nagoya Univ.)

Assistant Professor:

IEHARA, Noriyuki, M.D., D.Med.Sc.(Kyoto Univ.)

MATSUBARA, Takeshi, M.D., D.Med.Sc.(Kyoto Univ.)

CUTANEOUS LIFE SCIENCE

DEPARTMENT OF DERMATOLOGY

The Department of Dermatology was founded in 1899 soon after the College of Medicine was established. Dr. T. Matsuura, the first director, studied Schistosomiasis japonica. The second director, Dr. S. Matsumoto, conducted well-known studies on spirochaetal diseases such as syphilis. He became a Member of the Japan Academy in 1949 and was awarded with Order of Cultural Merit by the Japanese Government in 1966 as well as with Schaudinn-Hoffman Prize by the German Dermatological Association in 1965. The third director, Dr. T. Yamamoto, studied the relationship between skin and systemic diseases. The fourth director, Dr. S. Ofuji, investigated the pathogenesis of eczematous skin diseases, especially atopic dermatitis from an immunological point of view. Dr. S. Imamura became the fifth director in 1980 and studied the pathogenesis of erythema multiforme. The present Professor, Dr. Y. Miyachi became the sixth director in 1998. There are 10 academic staffs, 12 graduate students, 3 adjunctive physician scientists and 5 residents. Several foreign research fellows from Korea, China, Taiwan, Bangladesh, Brazil and Indonesia have studied in the laboratories.

Outline of Research Activities:

1. Pathogenesis of allergic and inflammatory skin diseases.

2. Immunobiological studies of skin diseases

3. Molecular and biochemical studies on skin diseases.

4. Cutaneous regeneration studies and wound healing

Most research works in this department have been published in international journals.

Outline of Clinical Activities:

There are 130-150 outpatients/day and 20-23 inpatients. Over 250 day surgeries are performed every year. A special leprosy clinic is open twice a week.

Professor:

MIYACHI, Yoshiki, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Cutaneous allergic inflammation; 2. Photobiology and Cutaneous Aging; 3. Wound healing;

Associate Professor:

UTANI, Atsushi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Cell biology of dermal connective tissue; 2. Connective tissue diseases;

Senior Lecturers:

TAKAHASHI, Kenzo, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Molecular biology of keratin; 2. Wound healing; 3.Basic research for development of new drugs for keratoderma.;

KORE-EDA, Satoshi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.) Skin surgery;

Assistant Professors:

MATSUMURA, Yumi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Hematodermatology;

IKOMA, Akihiko, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Neurophysiology of itch;

ARAKAWA, Akiko, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1, hair biology, 2,Autoimmunity 3, Tumor immunity;

HONDA, Tetsuya, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Lipid mediator and skin immunology

KITOH, Akihiko,M.D., Immunology;

KATOH, Mayumi, M.D., Skin surgery;

DEVELOPMENTAL MEDICINE

DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRICS

54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507

Tel. (+81)-75-751-3291, Fax. (+81)-75-752-2361

The Department of Pediatrics was established in 1903. Dr. I. Hirai, the founder of the department, was honoured with the prestigious Academy Prize of the Japan Academy for his scientific contributions on lead poisoning in Japanese infants in 1932. He was followed by Dr. M. Suzuki (1927-1931), Dr. S. Hattori (1931-1951), the former Presidents of Kyoto University, Dr. H. Nagai (1951-1966), Dr. R. Okuda (1966-1979), former vice President of the Fukui Medical School, Dr. H. Mikawa (1979-1993) and Dr. K Furusho (1994-1998). Dr. T Nakahata is the eighth Professor of the Department, serving from 1999. The present staff includes sixteen faculty members, nine clinical fellows, eight rotating residents and nineteen postgraduate students and five research fellows.

Outline of Teaching Activities

This department is responsible for general and special instruction on the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric diseases for undergraduate and graduate students. There is a daily general outpatient clinic and 6 special out-patient clinics for cardiovascular diseases, malignancy and hematological diseases, allergy and immunological diseases, neuromuscular diseases, neonatological diseases and metabolic and endocrinological diseases. The Department is responsible for an in-patient clinic with a general ward containing thirty-five hospital beds.

Outline of Research Activities

There are at present 5 research groups;

1. Stem Cell (Hematology, Immunology, Neurology and Cardiology): Expansion and differentiation of tissue stem cells and ES cells, and their clinical applications

2. Allergy and Immunology: Cellular and molecular mechanisms of allergic and immunological diseases, Clinical and epidemiological studies of childhood allergic diseases to elucidate more effective therapy

3. Metabolism/Endocrinology and Genetics: Molecular basis of inherited metabolic diseases, Molecular genetics of Turner's syndrome

4. Apoptosis: Molecular analysis of apoptosis and its regulation with the aim of clinical application

Professor:

NAKAHATA, Tatsutoshi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Shinsyu Univ.), Hematology and oncology

Associate Professor:

HEIKE, Toshio, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Immunology and allergology

Senior Lecturers:

YORIFUJI, Tohru, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Metabolism/endocrinology and genetics

ADACHI, Souichi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Hematology and oncology

Assistant Professors:

KAWAI, Masahiko, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Metabolism and endocrinology

NISHIKOMORI, Ryuta, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Immunology and allergology

DOI, Hiraku, M.D., (Kyoto Univ.), Cardiology

WATANABE, Ken-ichiro, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Hematology and oncology

YASUMI, Takahiro, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Immunology and allergology

HIRAMATSU, Hidefumi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Hematology and oncology (on leave of absence)

KATO, Takeo, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Ehime Univ.), Neurology

MATSUBARA, Hiroshi, M.D., (Asahikawa Med. College), Hematology and oncology

YAMANAKA, Yasunari,M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Neurology

UMEDA, Katsutsugu, M.D., D. Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Hematology and oncology (on leave of absence)

NIWA, Fusako, M.D., (Nara Med. Univ.), Neonatology

FUJINO, Hisanori, M.D., D. Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Hematology and oncology

BABA, Shiro, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Shiga Univ. of Med. Science), Cardiology

RADIOLOGY

The history of the Department of Radiology dates back to 1944, when the Section of Applied Physical Science for Medical Use was established. This section became the Department of Radiology, supervised first by Dr. I. Suetsugu in 1948. He was urged to establish the basis for diagnostic as well as therapeutic radiology. In 1950 he succumbed to pancytopenia due to an occupational radiation injury. Dr. T. Fukuda succeeded him in 1951 and worked mainly with diagnostic radiology of the alimentary tract and with radiation protection as well as therapy.

Responding to increased demands for clinical as well as basic radiological science, the Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Service was established in the University Hospital under Dr. Fukuda in 1964. Since then, various uses of radioisotopes for clinical medicine have yielded new fields of nuclear medicine, from which the third Professor of radiology, Dr. K. Torizuka, was elected in 1972. Under these conditions, the Department of Radiology has necessarily expanded its field of activity. When Dr. Torizuka moved to the newly established Department of Nuclear Medicine in 1976, Dr. M. Abe succeeded as the fourth Professor of the Department of Radiology in 1977, and the staff of radiology and nuclear medicine were united in order to utilize a variety of radiological tools synergistically for mutual benefit and also in the hope of combined use of new tools such as computed tomography (CT), ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron study. In this sense, the Department has become a unique organization that keeps pace with recent developments in medical technology, through the diagnostic tools applying X-rays, gamma rays, nuclear magnetic resonance, and so on, and radiation therapy. In 1987, Dr. J. Konishi succeeded Dr. Torizuka as the second Professor of the Department of Nuclear Medicine. In 1995, Dr. M. Hiraoka succeeded Dr. Abe as the fifth Professor of the Department of Radiology. Since the reorganization of Graduate School of Medicine in 1995, the Department of Radiology has been reformed as the Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, and the Department of Nuclear Medicine has been reformed as the Department of Nuclear Medicine and Diagnostic Imaging. In 2004, Dr. K. Togashi succeeded Dr. Konishi as the third Professor of the Department of Nuclear Medicine and Diagnostic Imaging. In 2005, both departments changed their names to the Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-applied therapy and the Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, respectively. The present staff in the two Departments consists of 29 faculty members and 2 clinical fellows. 20 graduate students and 4 residents engage in activities that cross the boundary between the two departments. There are 27 beds used for diagnosis and therapy for in-patient care. The subjects of research work (excluding the faculty members of the Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Service) of the two Departments are as follows.

DEPARTMENT OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY AND IMAGE-APPLIED THERAPY

Outline of Teaching Activities:

The department is responsible for instruction in radiation oncology and interventional radiology for undergraduate and graduate students.

Outline of Clinical Activities:

At the radiotherapy clinic, a total number of about 1,200 new patients have been treated by radiotherapy per year. A multidisciplinary treatment using chemotherapy is also performed for various malignancies. Innovative treatments such as stereotactic irradiation, intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), intraoperative radiotherapy, brachytherapy and total body irradiation are intensively performed. Radioisotope therapy using Iodine-131 is carried out for thyroid cancer.

Outline of Research Activities:

The research projects currently in progress in the Department are as follows: modification of radiosensitivity, bioimaging, hypoxia targeting therapy, hyperthermia, intraoperative radiotherapy, a 4-dimensional treatment planning system, IMRT, stereotactic irradiation, and integrated radiotherapy systems. Intravascular radiotherapy using glass microspheres are also being investigated.

Professor:

HIRAOKA, Masahiro, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Radiotherapy in general; 2. Hyperthermic oncology; 3. Clinical radiobiology; 4. Radiotherapy for breast cancer;

Program-Specific Professor (CK Project):

KONDOH, Shinae, D.Med.Sc. (Osaka Univ.), 1. Molecular Oncology; 2. In vivo optical imaging; 3. Molecular Genetics; 4.Tumor Virology;

Associate Professor:

MITSUMORI, Michihide, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Radiotherapy for breast cancer and gastrointestinal cancers; 2. 3-dimensional treatment planning; 3. Hyperthermic oncology;

Senior Lecturer:

MIZOWAKI, Takashi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy and stereotactic irradiation; 2. Radiotherapy for prostate, head & neck and esophageal cancer; 3. Radiotherapy treatment planning;

Program-Specific Senior Lecturer (Science and Technology Advancement):

HARADA, Hiroshi, D. Sci., (Nagoya Univ.), 1. Radiation Oncology, 2. Molecular Oncology, 3. Molecular Imaging;

Assistant Professors:

SHIBUYA, Keiko, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Radiotherapy for intra-thoracic tumors, pancreatic cancer and GYN; 2. Radiation biology;

YAMAUCHI, Chikako, M.D., M.Med.Sc. (Mie Univ.), 1. Radiotherapy for breast cancer and GYN; 2. Brachytherapy;

MATSUO, Yukinori, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Stereotactic irradiation and intensity-modulated radiotherapy; 2. Radiotherapy for lung and head & neck cancer;

HORII, Naotoshi, M.D., M.Med.Sc. (Fukui Univ.), 1. Radiotherapy for head & neck cancer; 2. Hyperthermic oncology; 3. Brachytherapy;

ITASAKA, Satoshi, M.D., M.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Radiotherapy for gastrointestinal cancers; 2. Radioisotope therapy; 3. Radiation Biology;

Program-Specific Assistant Professors

(Reform Promotion):

NORIHISA, Yoshiki, M.D., M.Med.Sc. (Ehime Univ.), 1. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy and stereotactic irradiation; 2. Radiotherapy for prostate cancer;

Program-Specific Associate Professor

(Reform Promotion):

NARITA, Yuichiro, D. Eng. (Tohoku Univ.), 1. Medical Physics for radiotherapy; 2. Radiation Physics; 3. Nuclear Engineering;

Program-Specific Associate Professor

(NEDO Industry-Government–Academia Collaboration):

SAWADA, Akira, D.Eng. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Medical physics in radiotherapy; 2. Medical image processing; 3. Engineering for Image-guided radiation therapy;

Program-Specific Assistant Professors

(Industry-Government–Academia Collaboration):

SATO, Sayaka, M.Eng. (Tohoku Univ.), 1. Medical Physics for radiotherapy; 2. Radiation Physics;

MIYABE, Yuki, M.H.Sc (Osaka Univ.), 1. Medical Physics for radiotherapy; 2. Radiation Physics;

DEPARTMENT OF DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING

AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE

Outline of Teaching Activities:

The Department is responsible for teaching in diagnostic radiology, CT, MRI, ultrasonography and nuclear medicine for undergraduate and graduate students. We wish to serve not only for residents who will be a radiologist but also for residents that are scheduled to be doctors in other departments, because imaging is mandatory in all the medical fields.

Outline of Clinical Activities:

The department has committed to medical services to patient with a variety of diseases on the basis of imaging, providing a full-range of diagnostic services utilizing diagnostic imaging modalities such as X-ray CT, MRI, ultrasonography, as well as nuclear medicine techniques including positron emission tomography. Interventional radiology that incorporates both diagnosis and treatment is another service, which we have been providing. We also have outpatient clinic and radioisotope treatment facility for patients with thyroid diseases.

Outline of Research Activities:

The major research interests include: (1) physical/mathematical investigations for development of new imaging modalities and image processing methods, (2) clinical investigations on the establishment of a new imaging methods to clarify the mechanism of disease, and (3) basic research on the image findings with a pathophysiological approach. We are also concerning with basic experimental studies such as molecular imaging, evaluation of angiogenesis, oxygenation, and blood flow with a use of state-of-the-art imaging technique.

Professor:

TOGASHI, Kaori, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Integrated medical imaging using CT, MRI, radioisotope imaging and ultrasonography; 2 Womenfs imaging using MRI

Associate Professor:

MIKI, Yukio, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.) 1. Diagnostic neuroradiology; 2. Neuroimaging using CT and MRI

Senior Lecturer:

ISHIZU, Koichi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Radionuclide imaging of the brain

Assistant Professors:

NAKAMOTO, Yuji, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

Oncological nuclear medicine, General radiology

KAWASHIMA, Hidekazu, D.Pharm.Sci. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Radiopharmaceutical chemistry; 2. Biochemistry of drugs

NAKAI, Asako, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Integrated medical imaging using CT, MRI, radioisotope imaging and ultrasonography;

YAMAMOTO, Akira, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), General radiology

CLINICAL PATHOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF CLINICAL

LABORATORY MEDICINE

This department was established as the Department of Laboratory Medicine in April 1984. The Professor and faculty members supervise the Central Clinical Laboratories, and most of the members are also in charge of infection control and prevention in the University Hospital. At present, the department has six faculty members as listed below and two clinical fellows and one graduate student.

Outline of Teaching Activities:

Our mission is to develop young, promising clinicians and investigators who will take an active part internationally in the fields of clinical infectious diseases, infection epidemiology, and clinical microbiology. The department is responsible for teaching the laboratory diagnosis (I4) and infectious diseases (S8) to undergraduate medical students. Training and research courses for Ph.D. and D.Med.Sc. degrees are offered to graduate students.

We have been providing a sophisticated consultation service regarding efficient diagnostic procedures and appropriate management of the patients with severe infection, which has resulted in a steady improvement of the prognosis for patients with nosocomial sepsis. We are also conducting surveillance of postoperative or post-transplantation infections, exploring effective strategies for the prevention and control of these infections.

Outline of Research Activities:

To identify clinical evidence leading to more efficient management of infectious diseases, we are conducting researches in cooperation with many industry develop novel diagnostic methods and to put them to practical use. We are also continuing to pursue the application of scientific findings for the diagnosis, control as well as prevention of nosocomial infection, with the aim of putting everyday medical practice regarding infectious diseases on a foundation of scientific rationality.

Professor:

ICHIYAMA, Satoshi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Nagoya Univ.), 1. Laboratory medicine; 2. Clinical microbiology; 3. Molecular biology;

Associate Professor:

IINUMA, Yoshitsugu, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Nagoya Univ.), 1. Clinical microbiology; 2. Laboratory medicine; 3. Infectious diseases;

Senior Lecturers:

ITO, Junko, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Neurology; 2. Clinical neurophysiology; 3. Laboratory medicine;

Assistant Professors:

TAKAKURA, Shunji, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Infectious diseases; 2. Clinical microbiology; 3. Laboratory medicine;

SAITO, Takashi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Okayama Univ.), 1. Infectious diseases; 2. Clinical microbiology; 3. Laboratory medicine;

SURGERY

DEPARTMENT OF GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY

Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery was founded in 2006 through the reorganization of Department of Surgery. This department focuses on surgical treatments of gastrointestinal (esophageal, gastric, colorectal) carcinomas, inflammatory bowel diseases and morbid obesity. Recent advances in laparoscopic surgery have led us to minimally invasive, yet more refined operation compared with classical open-abdominal surgery. The finest-quality laparoscopic surgeries performed in our division are reflection of the rigorous surgical training and sturdy basic surgical research.

Outline of Teaching Activities:

This division is responsible for general instruction on the gastrointestinal surgery for undergraduate and graduate students.

Outline of Research Activities:

The major fields in research are as follows;

1. molecular biological analysis of gastrointestinal carcinomas to estimate the prognosis or the efficacy of chemoradiotherapy

2. evaluation of gastrointestinal physiology after surgical procedures

3. development of new imaging system to unveil and understand more details of surgical anatomy

4. development of novel surgical procedures and surgical instruments

5. active involvement in the multi-institutional clinical studies to evaluate outcomes of surgical treatments

Professor:

SAKAI, Yoshiharu, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Colorectal surgery; 2. Laparoscopic surgery;

Lecture:

KUBO, Hajime, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

Gastrointestinal surgery

OKABE, Hiroshi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

Gastrointestinal surgery

ITAMI, Atsushi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

Gastrointestinal surgery

Assistant Professors:

NAGAYAMA, Satoshi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

Gastrointestinal surgery

NOMURA, Akinari, M.D.,

Gastrointestinal surgery

KAWAMURA, Jun-ichiro, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

Gastrointestinal surgery

OBAMA, Kazutaka, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

Gastrointestinal surgery

TANAKA, Eiji, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

Gastrointestinal surgery

DEPARTMENT OF HEPATOPANCREATOBILIARY

SURGERY AND TRANSPLANTATION

Department of Surgery had been consisted of three departments, such as Department of Surgery and Surgical Basic Science, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, and Department of Transplantation and Immunology. Since April 2006, Department of Surgery has been reorganized into three divisions, such as Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hepatopancreatobiliary (HPB) Surgery and Transplantation, and Department of Breast Surgery. The Department of HPB Surgery and Transplantation focuses on surgery of the hepatobiliary system and pancreas, liver transplantation and pancreatic islet transplantation, and pediatric surgery.

Outline of Teaching Activities:

This department is responsible for general instruction on the gastroenterological surgery in co-operation with the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, for undergraduate and graduate students. This department is also responsible for promotion of specialists in the field of HPB surgery, liver transplantation and pediatric surgery.

Outline of Research Activities:

Clinical research:

1. Multimodality treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

2. Multimodality treatment of pancreatic cancer.

3. Extended resection of cancer in biliary system.

4. Living donor liver transplantation, with a special focus on liver regeneration.

5. Treatment of pancreatic endocrine tumors with original localization method.

6. Pancreatic islet transplantation.

7. Pathogenesis and pathophysiology of biliary atresia.

Basic Research:

1. Regenerative medicine, with a special focus on regeneration of hepatic and pancreatic stem cells.

2. Pathophysiology of nonparenchymal liver cells.

3. Molecular embryology of pancreas.

4. Molecular biology of hepatopancreatobiliary cancer cells.

5. Tolerance induction by using regulatory T cells in the field of liver transplantation.

6. New method of pancreatic islet transplantation using bio-nano-technology

7. New method liver transplantation using chimera-liver

8. Strategy of overcoming small-for-size graft in liver transplantation using new preservation solution

Professor:

UEMOTO, Shinji, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

1. Liver Transplantation; 2. Hepato-biliary surgery

Associate Professor

IKAI, Iwao, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

1. Hepato-biliary surgery; 2.Regeneration medicine

TAKADA, Yasuji, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

1. Liver Transplantation; 2. Hepato-biliary surgery

Senior Lecturers:

DOI, Ryuichiro, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

1. Hepato-biliary and pancreatic surgery; 2. Surgical oncology

TAKAORI, Kyouichi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

1. Hepato-biliary and pancreatic surgery; 2. Liver Transplantation

OKAMOTO, Shinya, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

1. Pediatric surgery; 2. Liver Transplantation

DEPARTMENT OF BREAST SURGERY

The Department of Breast Surgery was established within the Department of Surgery in 2007. This department focuses on the treatment of breast diseases particularly breast cancer. Currently a number of novel ideas, concepts, new methodologies have been incorporated into the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. In order to develop these advances further, we are enthusiastic about improving the multidisciplinary therapy system, discovering new diagnostics, therapeutic methods, training and educating breast specialists. In collaboration with other departments and institutions, we are keen on conducting clinical researches especially clinical trials and correlative researches.

Outline of teaching activities:

1. Learning about breast cancer oncology.

2. Training of breast surgery.

3. Learning and training of multidisciplinary treatments.

Outline of research activities and clinical trials:

1. Molecular mechanisms of breast cancer progression and therapeutic response.

2. Development of new treatment algorithm of primary breast cancer.

3. Development of new methodologies for minimally invasive surgery.

4. Development of novel breast cancer therapeutics.

5. Regeneration of adipose tissue.

Professor:

TOI, Masakazu M.D., D.Med.Sc., (Hiroshima Univ.),

Breast Surgery

Assistant Professors:

SUGIE, Tomoharu M.D.,Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

Breast Surgery

UENO, Takayuki, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Karolinska Univ.),

Breast surgery

YAMASHIRO, Hiroyasu, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

Breast Surgery

CLINICAL SCIENCES FOR SURGICAL STRESSES

DEPARTMENT OF ANESTHESIA

The Department of Anesthesia was founded in 1956, when Dr. Akira Inamoto was promoted from associate professor of surgery to professor and chairman of the department. At that time the techniques of anesthesia in Japan were far behind those of western countries, and Dr. Inamoto devoted himself mostly to promoting modern practices of anesthesia throughout western Japan. Many of the faculty members went to western countries to learn modern anesthesiology soon after the department was founded. Most of them have become professors of medical schools or directors of anesthesia at various institutions. Dr. Inamoto, who was previously a neurosurgeon, had a special interest in neurophysiology of anesthesia and promoted basic researches in this field. Because of his contribution to the founding of modern anesthesia in Japan, scientific activities, and international collaborations, he was elected as Fellow of the Faculty of Anesthetists of the Royal College of Surgeons of England in 1976. When Dr. Inamoto retired in 1973, Dr. Kenjiro Mori was promoted to a full professorship and took over the chair of the department. Dr. Mori was famous for neurophysiological research on general anesthetics and analysis of stress responses induced by surgical operations. He was elected as Fellow of Royal College of Surgeons for his academic achievement and international contribution. After Dr. Mori' s retirement, Dr. Kazuhiko Fukuda succeeded as the third professor of the department in 1998.

In 1987, the Division of Critical Care Medicine began activities, which have been taken over by doctors from the Department of Anesthesia. In 2000, the Division of Day Surgery Unit was established and ambulatory anesthesia service was included in the clinical activities of the department.

The present departmental staff includes 7 faculty members, 9 clinical fellows, and 7 postgraduate students. The department contributes to patient care in many aspects: the perioperative management including preoperative evaluation and intra- and postoperative care; the intensive care of critically injured or otherwise seriously ill patients; the diagnosis and treatment of pain caused by a variety of pathogenesis; the cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Outline of Research Activities:

The area of research includes:

1) molecular biology of anesthesia and critical care medicine

2) neuroscience of anesthesia

3) endocrinology of surgical stress and anesthesia

4) clinical studies of pain management

5) clinical studies of organ transplantation and critical care medicine

6) clinical studies of ambulatory anesthesia

The molecular biology group succeeded in; cDNA cloning of three different opioid receptors, attempts to elucidate cellular responses induced by opioids, and analyses of gene expression changes induced by perioperatively used drugs. The neuroscience group analyzes anesthetic/pain-induced changes of the CNS activity and neurotransmitter release. The endocrinology group attempts to clarify the mechanisms of stress responses, and also tries to develop better perioperative management to eliminate the excessive stress response. The clinical pain group attempts total elimination of postoperative pain, chronic intractable pain and cancer pain, and has recently started clinical study of electric convulsion therapy for complex regional pain syndrome. The critical care group deals with the management of organ transplantation and critically ill patients. The ambulatory anesthesia group makes efforts to establish the safety and efficiency of the management.

Professor:

FUKUDA, Kazuhiko, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Molecular pharmacology of opioids and anesthetics; 2. Clinical anesthesia;

Senior Lecturers:

HIROTA, Kiichi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Physiology of hypoxia; 2. Ambulatory anesthesia

KURATA, Jiro, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Functional MRI of anesthesia and pain

Assistant Professors:

FURUTANI, Hidekatsu, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Management of pain, Palliative medicine

ISHII, Hisanari, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Anesthesia for cardiovascular surgery

SHODA, Takehiro, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Pharmacology of opioid analgesics

UGA, Hisatoshi, M.D., Peripheral nerve block

SURGERY FOR VISCERAL ORGANS

DEPARTMENT OF GYNECOLOGY AND

OBSTETRICS

The Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics was opened in 1901 and has been directed by a succession of distinguished Professors. Dr. Katsutake Azuma (1901-1906) founded a general therapeutic system. Dr. Shohei Takayama (1906-1921) is known for his invention of surgical treatment for uterine cervical cancer with an improvement of the Weltheim method. Dr. Hidekazu Okabayashi (1922-1937) established a systematic procedure for radical hysterectomy, the Okabayashi method, which has been widely accepted as a standard procedure for cervical cancer in Japan. Dr. Ryukichi Mibayashi (1938-1961) developed a surgical technique for advanced cervical cancer known as the Mibayashi operation, and also promoted ultrastructural studies in gynecology. Dr. Toshio Nishimura (1961-1981) was renowned as an educator, and also produced research on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism during pregnancy. Dr. Shimpei Tojo (1982) investigated the molecular biology of placental hormones. Dr. Takahide Mori (1983-1997) expanded the research on reproductive immunology and endocrinology, and developed the in vitro fertilization (IVF) program. Dr. Shingo Fujii, the present professor (1997-) is known for his work on pathogenesis of uterine myomas and gynecologic malignancies. He is also clarifying fine anatomy of uterine cervical ligaments to improve operative procedure of cervical cancer. The present staff consists of 13 faculty members, 6 clinical fellows, 10 graduate students, 2 research fellows from foreign countries, and 8 residents.

Outline of Teaching Activities:

Undergraduate students are given systematic lectures on gynecology and obstetrics, and also involved in bedside practice under instruction of faculty members. Residents are trained for two years to obtain the basic capability of primary care in gynecology and obstetrics. A clinical conference on Wednesday, and slide conferences on gynecological pathology three times a week are open for undergraduate students.

Outline of Research Activities:

The Laboratories are organized to cover various research fields, such as gynecologic oncology, maternal and fetal medicine, and reproductive biology and medicine. The ongoing research projects are:

1. Molecular mechanisms of development of gynecological neoplasms

2. Development of novel immune therapies and gene therapies for gynecological malignancies

3. Clinical management and pathogenesis of uterine leiomyoma and endometriosis

4. Maintenance of pregnancy and initiation of parturition

5. Management of pregnancy with pre-eclampsia and diabetes mellitus

6. Clinical and basic studies on intrauterine fetal growth and maturation

7. Regulatory mechanisms of ovarian and endometrial function

8. Immunology and endocrinology in fertilization and implantation

9. Basic studies on IVF and other assisted reproductive technologies

Outline of Clinical Activities:

The outpatient clinic consists of specialists in perinatology, gynecology, and infertility. The inpatient clinic accommodates 58 beds in the gynecologic ward and 27 beds in the obstetric ward. The number of patients admitted each year is approximately 400 with benign and malignant gynecologic diseases, 350 with normal and high-risk pregnancies, and 200 for the program of IVF or other assisted reproductive technologies.

Professor:

KONISHI, Ikuo, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Gynecologic oncology; 2. Pathology; 3. Endocrinology;

Senior Lecturers:

FUJIWARA, Hiroshi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Reproductive endocrinology and immunology;

MANDAI, Masaki, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Gynecologic oncology and pathology;

TATSUMI, Keiji, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Reproductive immunology and endocrinology;

FUKUHARA, Ken, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Reproductive immunology and endocrinology;

Assistant Professors:

TAKAO, Yumi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Reproductive immunology and endocrinology;

KAKUI, Kazuyo, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Perinatology;

SATO, Yukiyasu, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Reproductive endocrinology and immunology;

YAGI, Haruhiko, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Gynecologic oncology and pathology;

SUZUKI, Ayako, M.D., (Kyoto Univ.), Gynecologic oncology and pathology;

MATSUMURA, Noriomi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Gynecologic oncology and pathology;

BABA, Tsukasa, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Gynecologic oncology and pathology;

DEPARTMENT OF UROLOGY

Kawahara-cho 54, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507

Tel: +81-75-751-3337

Fax: +81-75-751-3740

The Department of Urology was founded in 1934. Since then, the department has made a significant contribution to the progress of basic and clinical urology. The department has cultivated many young urologists and produced graduates who have directed urological departments in other medical schools and major hospitals. The main themes of this department are focused on the following clinical and basic investigations;

1) Urologic Oncology: Development of new molecular diagnostic and therapeutic modalities in cancers of the kidney, bladder, prostate, and testis

2) Urologic Surgery: New operative methods including laparoscopic surgery

3) Kidney Transplantation and Nephrology: Molecular pathophysiology in urological nephropathies, and novel methods for preservation of donor kidney

4) Bladder dysfunction: Clinical and basic investigation on pathophysiology of adult and pediatric bladder diseases, including nocturia, bladder outlet obstruction, and interstitial cystitis.

5) Male Infertility: Basic molecular mechanism and innovative clinical trials

Our department staff includes 10 faculty members (1 professor, 1 associate professor, 2 senior lecturers and 6 assistant professors), 2 clinical fellows, 2 laboratory technicians and 3 secretaries. There are now 11 postgraduate school students. In addition, 3 doctors are currently engaged in research abroad. All academic staff members who participate in such activities are listed below. Numerous national and international collaborative research projects are now in progress. Foreign researchers are welcome and many of such researchers have done outstanding works and made considerable contribution to our department. This department since 1955 has published the journal, Acta Urologica Japonica, which is listed in the Medline, monthly.

Outline of Teaching Activities:

This department is responsible for the instruction and bedside clinical training, scientific basics of urology and clinical general urology for undergraduate and postgraduate school student. As for the resident training program, each residents is mainly tutored by an allocated faculty doctor, while all faculty members are also active in playing a tutorial role for each resident.

Outline of Clinical Activities:

This University Hospital has 47 beds in the urological ward. The number of patients who are newly treated in the outpatient clinic is approximately 4,000 each year. The regular weekly schedule is as follows: Two days for operations, one day for medical rounds, two days for clinical conference and one day for an early morning X-ray conference.

Outline of Research Activities:

All the faculty members are actively participating in various research projects and play a tutorial role in graduate students' projects. A research conference is held biweekly from 19:00 on Tuesday. The major fields on our researches are follows:

1) Molecular biology and molecular epidemiology of urogenital cancers

2) Tumor immunology of urogenital cancers

3) Novel chemotherapy and therapeutic modalities against urogenital cancers

4) Regenerative medicine for urological organs

5) Multidisciplinary investigation of bladder dysfunction

6) Molecular biology on male infertility and novel clinical approach

Professor:

OGAWA, Osamu, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Molecular biology and molecular epidemiology on urogenital tumors; 2. Minimally invasive treatments of urogenital cancers;

Associate Professor:

KAMOTO, Toshiyuki, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Clinical research of prostate cancer; 2. Molecular epidemiology of urogenital cancers; 3. Minimally invasive treatments of urogenital cancers;

Senior Lecturers:

NISHIYAMA, Hiroyuki, M.D., D.Med.Sc.(Kyoto Univ.), 1. Molecular biology of urothelial cancer; 2. Basic and clinical male infertility;

NAKAMURA, Eijiro, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Clinical research and molecular biology of renal cell cancer; 2. Clinical research and molecular biology of prostate cancer;

Assistant Professors:

KANEMATSU, Akihiro, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1.Clinical research on pediatric urology; 2. Basic and clinical research on bladder dysfunction and regenerative medicine; 3. Kidney transplantation;

YOSHIMURA, Koji, M.D., (Kyoto Univ.), 1.Clinical epidemiology of voiding dysfunction; 2. Female urology; 3. Minimally invasive treatments of urogenital cancer;

KANBA, Tomomi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Molecular and cellular biology of renal cancer; 2. Clinical research on prostate cancer; 3. Kidney transplantation;

WATANABE, Jun, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Molecular biology of urogenital cancers;

OKUBO, Kazutoshi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Male infertility; 2. Testicular cancer; 3. Physiology of voiding function;

INOUE, Takahiro, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Clinical and basic research on prostate cancer;

DEPARTMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY

Based on the pioneering achievements by Professors of Surgery, Yasumasa Aoyagi, Chuji Kimura, and Yorinori Hikasa (known as "Kyoto technique"), the first independent department of cardiovascular surgery in Japanese national universities has been established by Professor Toshihiko Ban in 1984. Dr. Ban as an authority of coronary artery surgery, made an enormous Kyoto group which consists of more than 30 affiliated hospitals and over 200 related doctors including those who retired, doing more than 4000 open-heart cases a year in whole group. From 1998 to 2007, Professor Masashi Komeda developed both clinical and research aspects of the department. In 2008, Professor Ryuzo Sakata has taken over the position and keeps making further refined group in clinical, research, and educational programs.

Outline of Teaching Activities:

The department is responsible for undergraduate and postgraduate education of cardiovascular surgery. The department has several meetings for comprehensive, detailed, and hands-on teaching especially for residents, in addition to regular conferences and rounds. Within a year, the interns/residents can learn all important basics of cardiovascular surgery ranging from etiology, diagnosis, perioperative care of the patients to surgical strategies and basic/advanced techniques. The education program covers research aspects and the residents can learn basics of scientific approaches. After the intensive residency training for 1 year, the young doctor has further residency training in two affiliated hospitals for total 6 years. After completing clinical training, the doctor joins 2 to 4 years' fellowship program for intensive research or clinical experience in the university which will be followed by the opportunity for clinical training in North America, Europe, or Australia/New Zealand.

Outline of Research Activities:

The department has four major teams:

1. Regenerative medicine (cardiac)

(a) Cell transplantation and cytokine therapy (bFGF, HGF, IGF) for ischemic heart disease or cardiomyopathy

(b) Langendorff studies

2. Regenerative medicine (thoracic and peripheral vascular)

(a) Therapeutic angiogenesis for lower extremities, lung, and sternum

(b) Prevention of perioperative infection utilizing regenerative medicine

3. Large animal studies

(a) Scientific development and refinement of procedures for ischemic cardiomyopathy (surgical ventricular restoration and mitral repair)

(b) Novel method for aortic stent graft implantation

4. Treatment for congestive heart failure

(a) Optimal medical treatment following surgical ventricular restoration

(b) Simulation of cardiopulmonary support and evaluation of its physiology

These research programs employs scientific methodology with the help of basic scientists and engineers but are patient-oriented in their nature. The programs are carefully designed so that every research fellow can improve his/her surgical skills and the project can benefit clinical work. The program welcomes foreign post-doctoral fellows and provides many research projects.

Professor:

SAKATA, Ryuzo, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Surgery for coronary artery disease; 2. Surgical ventricular restoration for ischemic cardiomyopathy or dilated cardiomyopathy; 3. Surgery for mitral and aortic valve disease; 4. Surgery for thoracic aortic disease;

Associate Professor:

IKEDA, Tadashi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1.Surgery for congenital heart disease;

Senior Lecturer:

NISHINA, Takeshi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Adult cardiac surgery; 2. Vascular surgery;

Assistant Professors:

YAMAZAKI, Kazuhiro, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Adult cardiac surgery; 2. Vascular surgery;

SAJI, Yoshiaki, M.D., 1. Adult cardiac surgery; 2. Vascular surgery;

MARUI, Akira, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Adult cardiac surgery; 2. Vascular surgery

DEPARTMENT OF THORACIC SURGERY

Basic and clinical studies on lung cancer and mediastinal tumors have been the main activities of this department since 1951. Various surgical treatments for pulmonary, mediastinal and chest wall diseases are under continuous investigation.

In April 1998 in acknowledgment of its research and experienced surgical staff, Kyoto University Hospital was approved as one of the lung-transplant centers in Japan.

Current major investigations in the department are: (1) clinical and basic research for lung transplantation: development of a new lung preservation solution; immunoregulatory approach to introduce immunotolerance in the recipients; (2) biological approach for lung cancer: various factors such as p53, bcl-2, PCNA, thymidylate synthase, CD44, selectins, cyclins and apoptosis index and their relation with prognosis have been analyzed. Their goal is to develop a new strategy for lung cancer combined with surgical procedure; (3) multimodality treatment for advanced thoracic malignancies, especially for locally advanced lung cancer or malignant pleural mesothelioma to improve prognosis.

Several cooperative studies with other institutions in the domestic area and foreign countries (U.S.A, Canada, Germany, Sweden, France, and Korea et al.) are underway on lung transplantation and lung cancer study.

Professor:

DATE, Hiroshi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Okayama Univ.), Thoracic surgery;

Associate Professor:

OKUBO, Kenichi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Thoracic surgery

Assistant Professors:

MIYAHARA, Ryo, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Thoracic surgery

SAKAI, Hiroaki, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Thoracic surgery

SHOJI, Tsuyoshi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Thoracic surgery

SONOBE, Makoto, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Thoracic surgery

SATO, Kiyoshi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Thoracic surgery

SURGERY FOR SENSORY AND MOTOR

SYSTEMS

DEPARTMENT OF PLASTIC AND

RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY

The Department of Plastic and Reconstructive surgery, which was officially established in April 1977 was reformed as the present department in 1987. However, for a long time before that, many doctors at the Kyoto University Hospital were actively and exclusively engaged in plastic surgery in related departments such as dermatology, otolaryngology, oral surgery, orthopedics and ophthalmology. Dr. Nobuhiko Isshiki was the founder of the Department and Dr. Yoshihiko Nishimura succeeded him in December 1993. Dr. Shigehiko Suzuki became the third professor in 2003.
   The present full-time official staff of the Department includes 1 Professor, 1 Associate Professor, 2 Lecturers, and 3 Assistant Professors almost fully engaged in clinical study and research. There are 7 clinical fellows and 7 graduate students. The number of surgical cases is approximately 1000 in-and outpatients per year, including cleft lip and palate, facial fracture, microtia and other maxillofacial anomalies, burns, hand anomalies, and other deformities. Many kinds of large tissue defects resulting from trauma and post-operative malignant tumor are covered by free flap transfer with skin, muscle and bone.

Outline of Teaching Activities:
   The basic principles of plastic surgery, congenital maxillofacial anomalies, trauma and burns are the main subject of lectures for undergraduate students, who are also taught at the daily out-patient clinic and in the surgical room.

Outline of Research Activities:
   Research activities in the department deal chiefly with maxillofacial plastic surgery, especially cleft lip and palate, reconstructive microsurgery, skin flap physiology, wound healing and tissue engineering. Various new techniques for cleft lip and palate surgery have been devised and reported on the basis of objective findings obtained by new instrumentation. Current subjects of research under investigation are development of cellular artificial skin, normal and abnormal wound healing, peripheral and central nerve repair by grafting both artificial optimal materials and stem cells, regeneration of bone and cartilage and the genetic etiology of some congenital abnormalities.

Professor:

SUZUKI, Shigehiko, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

1. Maxillofacial anomaly; 2. Skin surgery; 3. Wound healing; 4. Regenerative medicine;

Associate Professor:

NOSE, Kensuke, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

1. Maxillofacial anomaly; 2.Skin tumor; 3.Facial injury;

Senior Lecturer:

KAWAI, Katsuya, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

1. Maxillofacial surgery; 2. Regenerative medicine; 3. Wound

repair;

Program-specific Senior Lecturer

(New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization <NEDO> Industry-Government-Academia Collaboration)

NAITOH, Motoko, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

1. Wound healing; 2. Keloid; 3.Artificial skin;

Assistant Professors:

MORIMOTO, Naoki, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Micro-surgery; 2. Burn;

YAMAWAKI, Satoko, M.D. (Kohchi Med. Univ.), 1. Micro-surgery; 2. Keloid;

FUJIMORI, Hideyuki, M.D. (Osaka Med. Univ.), 1. Micro-surgery; 2.Reconstructive surgery;

DEPARTMENT OF OPHTHALMOLOGY

AND VISUAL SCIENCES

The Department of Ophthalmology was established in 1902, and has been directed by the following nine Professors: Yukujiro Asayama, Kiyoshi lchikawa, Shinnosuke Mori, Seiichi Yamamoto, Ken lmachi, Ryoji Asayama, Masao Kishimoto, Isamu Tsukahara and Yoshihito Honda. Dr. Nagahisa Yoshimura was inaugurated as a new professor since April 2004. Clinical and basic research over a wide area of Ophthalmology has been conducted during the past 90 years, and studies on retinal detachment, which were started by Professor Mori, have been one of the most important research subjects of the department. Professor Ichikawa was famous for surgical treatments for cataract and glaucoma. The surgical approach to the optic chiasm in patients with opticochiasmic arachnoditis was developed by Professor Imachi. Numbers of distinguished developments have also been achieved in basic eye research fields including ocular electrophysiology, pathology, histochemistry, biochemistry, and cell biology. The present staffs of the department include 1 Professor (director), 1 Assistant professor, 2 lecturers, 8 Assistant professors, 11 part-time lecturers, 2 clinical fellows, and 19 post-graduate students.

Research:

Research covers the entire field of Ophthalmology.

Clinical research:

1. Macular degeneration

2. Imaging of ocular tissues

3. Glaucoma

4. Retinal vascular diseases

5. Diabetic retinopathy

6. Optic neuritis, Ischemic optic neuropathy

Laboratory research:

1. Stem cell biology

2. Imaging of ocular tissue

3. Molecular mechanism in diabetic retinopathy

4. Blood cell and retinal endothelial cell interaction

5. Retinal and choroidal circulation

Professor:

YOSHIMURA, Nagahisa, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

1. Macular degeneration; 2. Molecular cell biology of retina; 3. Neural cell biology;

Associate Professor:
KITA, Mihori, M.D., D. Med. Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),
1. Diabetic retinopathy; 2. Retinal vascular diseases; 3. Uveitis

Senior Lecturers:

HANGAI, Masanori, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),
1. Imaging of ocular tissues; 2. Glaucoma;

MIYAMOTO, Kazuaki, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

1. Neuro-ophthalmology; 2. Retinal micro-circulation; 3. Retinal vascular diseases;

Assistant Professors:

OTANI, Atsushi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),
1. Macular degeneration; 2. Stem cell biology;

TSUJIKAWA, Akitaka, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

1. Macular degeneration; 2. Retinal vascular diseases;

OH, Hideyasu, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

1.Diabetic retinopathy; 2. Molecular cell biology;

NAKAMURA, Hajime, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

1.Electrophysiology; 2. Glaucoma;

NONAKA, Atsushi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

1.Glaucoma; 2. Neuro-ophthalmology;

NISHIJIMA, Kazuaki, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),
1. Diabetic retinopathy; 2. Molecular cell biology; 3. Uveitis;

TAMURA, Hiroshi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

1.Macular degeneration; 2. Retinal microcirculation;

YAMASHIRO, Kenji, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

1. Macular degeneration; 2. Retinal vascular diseases;

OOTO, Sotaro, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

1. Macular degeneration; 2. Imaging of ocular tissues;

SAKAMOTO, Atsushi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),
1. Imaging of ocular tissues; 2. Glaucoma;

DEPARTMENT OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD

AND NECK SURGERY

http://www.kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp/~ent/

The Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery was established in 1905. Dr. Haruji Watsuji, the first Professor, developed a surgical treatment for chronic paranasal sinusitis called Watsuji and Denker's operation. Dr. Teiji Hoshino, his successor, devoted his life to studies on vestibular physiology. Under Professor Mitsuharu Goto, the main projects of the department were directed to the studies on laryngeal tuberculosis and also voice and speech science. Dr. Masanori Morimoto, the fourth Professor, promoted research in the fields of vestibular and inner ear research, phoniatrics and maxillofacial surgery. Dr. Manabi Hinoki, the fifth Professor, was deeply involved in promoting basic research in the field of equilibrium related physiology. Dr. Iwao Honjo was involved in the research regarding Eustachian tube and hearing science. Dr. Juichi Ito became the seventh Professor of the department on 1st of February 2000.

Members of the department include 1 Professor (Director), 9 faculty members, 14 part-time lecturers, 3 clinical fellow, 16 post-graduate students, 4 residents and 1 visiting researcher.

Outline of Teaching Activities:

The department is responsible for instruction in otology, otoneurology and laryngology for graduate students. Instruction in general otolaryngology, head and neck surgery is provided for undergraduate students.

Outline of Clinical Activities:

The department clinic has 56 beds in the head and neck surgery ward. 4,500 patients are treated in the out-patient clinic each year, and approximately 600 patients are operated on annually. The Department covers all aspects of otolaryngology-head and neck surgery, including:

1. Otological and neurotological surgery

2. Cochlear implantation for the deaf

3. Head and neck surgery including skull base surgery

4. Plastic and reconstructive surgery in the head and neck field

5. Surgery for voice and speech disorders

Outline of Research Activities:

The major on-going projects in clinical and experimental studies in the field of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery are as follows:

1. Hair cell regeneration for the future treatment of sensorineural hearing disturbance

2. Mechanisms of speech perception in the auditory pathway including the central nervous system

3. Physiological studies of the hearing and vestibular system

4. Pathophysiology of the middle ear including the Eustachian tube and the mastoid

5. Basic and clinical studies of voice and speech

6. Central interaction between perception and production of speech

7. Tissue engineering for regeneration of head and neck organs

Professor:

ITO, Juichi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Neurotology; 2. Vestibular sciences;

Senior Lecturers:

HIRANO, Shigeru, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1 .Laryngology; 2. Clinical oncology

NAKAGAWA, Takayuki, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Osaka City Univ.), Neurotology

Assistant Professors:

ASATO, Ryo, M.D., 1. Clinical oncology

TATEYA, Ichiro, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Laryngology; 2. Clinical oncology

TAURA, Akiko, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Otology; 2. Vestibular sciences

HIRAUMI, Harukazu, M.D., 1. Audiology; 2. Otology

YAMAMOTO, Norio, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1.Otology; 2. Regenerative Medicine

SAKAMOTO, Tatsunori, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Otology; 2. Rhinology

KITAJIRI, Shin-ichiro, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Otology; 2. Genetics

DEPARTMENT OF ORTHOPAEDIC AND

MUSCULOSKELETAL SURGERY

The Department of Orthopaedic Surgery was opened in April, 1906, and is known as the longest-standing orthopaedic clinic in Japan. The first Professor was Dr. Michiharu Matsuoka, who started an out-patient clinic and orthopaedic lectures for undergraduates in 1906, as the earliest pioneer in Japan. Since then, the Department has been presided over by five succeeding Professors: Dr. Yoshitane Ozaki, Dr. Hiromu Ito, Dr. Eishi Kondo, Dr. Tetsuo Ito, and Dr. Takao Yamamuro. In earlier days these leaders were professionally influenced by research in Germany, the United States, and the United Kingdom. This Department has led the orthopaedic surgery in Japan, and its contribution to surgery of the spine is well regarded. Dr. Michiharu Matsuoka began clinical research on Pott's disease, and was succeeded by Dr. Hiromu Ito who reported a direct anterior approach for the tuberculous spines as early as 1934. This direct anterior method is now considered the basis for current spinal surgery, and Dr. Eishi Kondo completed the surgical treatment for many other spinal disorders such as tuberculosis, intervertebral disc protrusion and cervical osteochondrosis. The fields of hand surgery, surgery of artificial joints and peripheral nerve surgery were added to the scope of the Department by Dr. Tetsuo lto. At the same time clinical research on congenital dislocation of the hip joint started by Dr. Matsuoka has been succeeded to the basic research on collagen fibers and cartilage, and prevention of this condition by Dr. Takao Yamamuro. Dr. Yamamuro has introduced research works on biomaterials into the Department and he has finalized the research on newly synthesized artificial bone, which was brought into clinical application in 1990. Dr. Yamamuro has also very successfully commenced genetic analysis for malignant bone tumors. Dr. T. Nakamura became the seventh Professor of the Department on the 1st of February 1995, and he is now directing research projects listed below.

Outline of Teaching Activities:

The Department is responsible for instructions in orthopaedic surgery and rehabilitation medicine for undergraduate and post-graduate students, including anatomy, physiology, biomechanics, and surgical care of the musculoskeletal system.

Outline of Clinical Activities:

The Department holds 5 general out-patients clinics and 6 clinics for orthopaedic subspecialities each week, such as the clinics for the hips, the hands, the spine, tumors, sports medicine, and rheumatoid arthritis. In addition, there are two biweekly clinics, the clinics for osteoporosis, and generalized skeletal disorders. The number of out-patients is approximately 26,000 per year. The number of beds in the ward is 57, and 550 patients are admitted each year. There are 670 operations annually. About 50 orthopaedic clinics in the central part of Japan are affiliated to the Department.

Outline of Research Activities:

Current on-going research projects are:

1. Mechanism of bone growth

2. Morphological and biochemical analysis of joint cartilage disorders

3. Artificial bone

4. Treatment of bone and soft-tissue tumors

5. Cartilage development and differentiation

6. Biodegradable materials

7. Experimental studies on osteoporosis

8. Research on osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis

9. Genetic analysis of malignant bone and soft-tissue tumors

Professor:

NAKAMURA, Takashi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Joint surgery; 2. Rheumatology and biomaterials;

Associate Professor:
NEO, Masashi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Spinal surgery; 2. Biomaterials;
AKIYAMA, Haruhiko, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Hip surgery; 2.bone and cartilage biology;

Senior Lecturers:

KOBAYASHI, Masahiko, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Sports medicine and knee/shoulder surgery; 2. Cartilage metabolism;
NAKAYAMA, Tomitaka, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Musculoskeletal tumor surgery;

Assistant Professors:

ITO, Hiromu, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Rheumatology; 2. Cartilage biology;

FUJIBAYASHI, Shunsuke, D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Spinal surgery; 2. Biomaterials;

NAKAMATA, Takeharu, D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Musculoskeletal tumor surgery;

IKEGUCHI, Ryosuke, D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Hand surgery; 2. Peripheral nerve;

TAKEMOTO, Mitsuru, D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Spinal surgery; 2. Biomaterials;

GOTO, Koji, D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Hip surgery; 2. Biomaterials;

YOSHITOMI, Hiroyuki, D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Rheumatology;

DEPARTMENT OF ORAL AND

MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY

The departmental faculty consists of 8 full time faculty members; a Professor and chair, an Associate Professor, two Senior Lecturers and four Assistant Professors. The departmental staff includes six clinical fellows, ten residents, thirteen graduate students, and five research associates. Moreover, the postgraduate training program is cooperating with 26 associate hospitals, thus over 80 fellows are actively working in the Kyoto University Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Program.

Brief history of the department:

The Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery was formerly founded as the Department of Stomatology in 1950, when Dr. Gen Minoguchi was appointed as the Departmental chairman. During his period of service, until 1973, sophisticated research played a leading role in the fields of Preventive Dentistry, and Biomaterial Science. A comprehensive study for the prevention of dental caries using fluoride was carried out as systematic field work in an earlier period. Another main research subject was basic and clinical study on the medical application of synthetic PMMA resin in cooperation with the Kyoto University Institute for Chest Diseases. The latter research group has been currently reoriented as the Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, and now Research Institute of Frontier Medical Science at Kyoto University. Under the second chairman Professor Takatoki Ono numerous articles were published on clinico-pathological and immunological studies of the development of dental focal infection. Thereafter the main topics of clinical research have been directed to advancing Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery with special reference to the surgical correction of the maxillofacial and jaw deformities, and the medical/surgical management of temporomandibular joint disorders. The official name of the department was thus changed to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in 1975. Professor Tadahiko Iizuka was the director of the Department since 1988 to 2003 and he developed the full scope of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Dr. Kazuhisa Bessho became the fourth Professor of the department in 2005.

Outline of Teaching Activities:

We have teaching responsibilities for the undergraduate medical student, postgraduate students, and for the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery residency program. The department serve has employed as an educational facility for the Japanese Board of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, with a large residency program in cooperating with 26 associate hospitals.

Outline of Research Activities:

1) Molecular biology on health and disease in craniofacial, and dento-maxillofacial development. 2) Bone induction by BMP gene transfer using vectors. 3) Dental implant reconstruction and relating tissue engineering. 4) Clinical investigation on Temporomandibular Disorders, Oral Cancer, and Jaw Deformities. 5) The research on diagnosis and treatment of masticatory muscle tonus and relating disease. Current progress is as follows: 1) Significant advances in the study of the human crarniofacial development have revealed the genetic and gene-environment bases of numerous common and rare craniofacial disorders. The characterizations of genetic mutation may lead to the greater sensitivity and specificity of molecular-based diagnosis for complex craniofacial disorders including Temporomandibular disorders and Jaw deformity. 2) We constructed a BMP-2-expressing adenoviral vector with high efficiency, and succeeded gene transfer by electroporation with a BMP-2-expressing plasmid vector. These bone regeneration methods may be useful in clinic. 3) Basic and clinical research regarding dental implant and maxillofacial reconstruction is actively done in cooperation with Faculty of Engineering and Research Institute of Frontier Medical Sciences. 4) Regarding research topics on Temporomandibular joint, the biochemical study of the synovial fluid is successfully carried out, and currently the molecular biological study of the disease-susceptibility gene is actively investigated for the Gene diagnosis of the Temporomandibular disorders. The Oral Cancer investigation collaborates with the Radiation Oncology Unit on the topic of concurrent radio-chemotherapy. Distraction oseteo- and histo-genesis is clinically applied on patients with severe maxillofacial deformities, and outcomes are discussed. 5) The diseases relating with abnormal muscle tonus in the stomatognathic system such as sleep apnea syndrome and oromandibular dystonia are investigated with the Departments of Brain Pathophysiology, Neurology, and Human Brain Research Center. Clinically, oral appliances are effectively applied for the treatment of sleep apnea syndrome.

Professor:

BESSHO, Kazuhisa, D.D.S., D.Med.Sc. (Mie Univ.), 1. Bone induction by BMP; 2. Regenerative medicine in oral and maxillofacial surgery;

Associate Professor:

FUJIMURA, Kazuma, D.D.S., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Surgical and medical management of temporomandibular joint; 2. Maxillofacial trauma and orthognathic surgery;

Senior Lecturers:

NISHIDA, Mitsuo, D.D.S., D.Dent.Sc. (Osaka Dental Univ.), 1. Oral and maxillofacial oncology; 2. Orthognathic surgery and orthodontics;

TAKAHASHI, Katsu, D.D.S., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.),

Molecular biology in craniofacial research and

oral/maxillofacial surgery;

Assistant Professors:

OHKUBO, Yasunori, D.D.S., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Bone induction by BMP gene transfer using vectors;

KAIHARA, Shinji, D.D.S., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Dental implant and relating tissue engineering;

SONOBE, Junya, D.D.S., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Osteoinduction by BMP-2 expressing adenoviral vector;

GOTO, Kazuhisa, D.D.S., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Molecular biology and Patho Hosto Chemistry in infection research of Bisphosphonates rerated osteonecrosis of the jaw(BRONJ);

CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE

As the result of the system change from the Faculty of Medicine to the Post- Graduate Course of Medical Science that was made in 1995, the Section of Clinical Neuroscience, which is composed of the three Departments described below, started in 1995. This Section and the Section of Basic Neuroscience form the Course of Integrated Neuroscience. This Section was integrated in order to investigate the mechanisms of brain functions in normal subjects, to clarify the pathology and pathophysiology of various diseases involving the central and peripheral nervous system and muscles, and to establish the diagnostic methods, advanced treatments and prevention of those diseases.

DEPARTMENT OF NEUROLOGY

The Department of Neurology was founded in the Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University in 1979, as the first such department in Japan. Dr. Masakuni Kameyama, known for his work on cerebrovascular disease, was appointed as the first Professor and Chairman in April, 1980. Following his retirement in 1987, Dr. Jun Kimura returned from the University of Iowa as the successor, where he had worked for 28 years, especially as Professor of Neurology there during the last ten years. In 1989, he was elected as the President of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. He also served as the Editor in Chief of Muscle & Nerve. Following his retirement in March 1998, Professor Hiroshi Shibasaki, M.D. of the Department of Brain Pathophysiology, known as a world leader of electroneurophysiology of human brain, moved to the Department of Neurology as the third Chairman in October 1999 and retired in March 2003. Dr. Ryosuke Takahashi of RIKEN Brain Science Institute was then elected as the forth Chairman in January 2005. The present staff of the Department includes 6 tenured faculty staffs, 8 clinical fellows, 15 affiliated lecturers, and 17 post-graduate students. Research in this Department covers various fields of neurology, including cerebrovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, senile dementia, epilepsy, movement disorders, sleep disorders and neuromuscular disorders, employing multi-disciplinary methodologies such as neuropathology, neurochemistry, molecular biology, gene analysis, neuroimmunology, and electrophysiology.

Outline of Teaching Activities:

The Department is responsible for teaching clinical neurology and neuroscience to undergraduate and graduate students.

Outline of Clinical and Research Activities:

1. Neurodegenerative diseases: Diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Studies on pathomechanism and new treatments for Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and spinocerebellar atrophy.

2. Cerebrovascular diseases: Diagnosis and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases. Studies on neuropsychology, PET and MRI.

3. Clinical electrophysiology: Evaluation and treatment of patients with medically intractable epilepsy, movement disorders such as focal dystonia and myoclonus, various neuromuscular diseases and sleep disorders.

4. Neuroimmunology: Studies on etiology and pathomechanism of neuroimmunological diseases.

Professor:

TAKAHASHI, Ryosuke, M.D., D.Med. Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Neurodegenerative diseases, Parkinson's disease, ALS, Molecular neurobiology;

Associate Professor:

IKEDA, Akio, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Epilepsy, electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology, Movement disorders;

Senior Lecturer:

ITOH, Hidefumi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Clinical neuropathology, Parkinsonfs disease, Deep brain stimulation;

Assistant Professors:

INOUE, Haruhisa, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Neurodegenerative diseases, Regenerative Medicine, Molecular neurobiology;

KAWAMATA, Jun, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer's disease, ALS, Gene analysis, Molecular biology;

MATSUMOTO, Riki, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Epilepsy, Clinical neurophysiology, Neuroimaging;

IHARA, Masafumi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Cerebrovascular diseases, Geriatric neurology, Neurodegenerative diseases;

DEPARTMENT OF NEUROSURGERY

Now and Then:

The First Division of the Department of Surgery has long been acknowledged as one of the few major neurosurgical centers in Japan, mainly due to the pioneering and enduring efforts of the late Emeritus Professor, Dr. Chisato Araki. In 1965 the Department of Neurosurgery was established as an independent department to be devoted to the surgery of the nervous system. Dr. Hajime Handa became the first Professor of the Department of Neurosurgery in 1965. During the following 20 years, the Department of Neurosurgery developed so steadily as to play a leading role in the neurosurgical field in Japan. Dr. Haruhiko Kikuchi succeeded to the Department as the second Professor in 1986. He is one of the pioneers of microneurosurgery with great efforts to make the technique popular in Japan. As described above, this Department has been managed by these great authorities in Japan Neurosurgical Society. Succeeding to the history, Dr. Nobuo Hashimoto was elected as the new chairman of this Department in 1997.

As 2008, the Department staff consists of 34 faculty members including 10 staff members, 4 clinical fellows and 20 graduate students. Daily clinical practice is being conducted in the 53-bed ward and in the outpatient clinic with more than 12,000 patient visits per year. The number of operative cases is around 500 every year including the cases of endovascular surgery and X-knife surgery.

Clinical Activities:

We especially deal with difficult cases of cerebrovascular disease and brain tumors, which require highly advanced microsurgical techniques along with endovascular surgery and intraoperative angiography. In co-operation with the Human Brain Research Center and the Department of Neurology, we are developing awake-surgery, mapping and monitoring of brain functions, which enable us to remove lesions even in the eloquent areas by making sure the function remains intact. We not only excise brain tumors, but also apply advanced chemotherapy and radiotherapy including X-knife. Utilizing these multiple modalities, we have achieved good outcomes. In the field of obstructive cerebrovascular disease, we are taking a leading role in a nation-wide clinical trial for vascular reconstruction.

Research Activities:

We are a pioneer in generating animal models of cerebral aneurysms, and have been investigating the pathogenesis and genetics of aneurysms by analyzing familial cases. We are developing a method for brain protection by investigating the molecular mechanisms of brain death after ischemic insult. For brain tumors, we generate detailed molecular profiles of each tumor so that we can apply the optimal treatment for each individual tumor. Other research projects include investigation of the pathogenesis of epileptic focus, development of artificial dura mater, new bio-bond, and coils to obliterate aneurysms. We are also promoting studies for regenerative medicine such as vascular regeneration by endothelial precursors, neuronal regeneration by neural stem cells and embryonic stem cells, and bony regeneration.

Education:

Almost all of the doctors receive a degree and become authorized specialists in neurosurgery. After that, the door for study abroad is open.

Publication:

1. Hashimoto N, Nozaki K, Takagi Y, Kikuta K, Mikkuni N., Surgery of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations. Neurosurgery 61(1): 375-389, 2007

2. Mikuni N, Okada T, Nishida N, Taki J, Enatsu R, Ikeda A, Miki Y, Hanakawa T, Fukuyama H, Hashimoto N., Comparison between motor evoked potential recording and fiber tracking for estimating pyramidal tracts near brain tumors. J Neurosurg. 106(1): 128-33, 2007

3. Kikuta K, Takagi Y, Nozaki K, Miyamoto S, Kataoka H, Arai T, Hashimoto N ., Effects of intravenous anesthesia with propofol on regional cortical blood flow and intracranial pressure in surgery for moyamoya disease.Surg Neurol. 68(4): 421-4, 2007

4. Takagi Y, Kikuta K, Nozaki K, Sawamura K, Hashimoto N. Detection of a residual nidus by surgical microscope-integrated intraoperative near-infrared indocyanine green video angiography in a child with a cerebral arteriovenous malformation. J Neurosurg.

107(5):416-418,2007

Associate Professors:

MIKUNI, Nobuhiro, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Epilepsy; 2. Functional mapping & monitoring;

Senior Lecturers:

KIKUTA, Kenichiro, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Cerebrovascular disease;

TAKAGI, Yasushi, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Cerebrovascular disease;

Assistant Professors:

HOJO, Masato, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Brain tumors; 2. Neuroendocrinology;

KISHI, Yo, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), 1. Brain tumors; 2. Functional neurosurgery; 3. Neuronal regeneration;

NISHIMURA, Masaki, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Cerebrovascular disease;

ARAKAWA, Yoshiki, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Brain tumors;

ISHII, Akira, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Cerebrovascular disease, endovascular surgery;

SHIRAHATA, Mitsuaki, M.D., D.Med.Sc. (Kyoto Univ.), Brain tumors;

DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHIATRY

This Department was founded in 1904. The first Professor Shinkichi Imamura (1904-1934), known as a pioneer in clinical psychopathology as well as neuropsychiatry in Japan, laid the foundation of this Department's tradition attaching much importance to "clinical" psychiatry. The second Professor Momoshige Miura (1935-1952) succeeded to Imamura's academic features, led many researchers, e.g. Masashi Murakami (psychopathology), Hisatoshi Mitsuda (clinical genetics), Seishiro Kuromaru (child psychiatry), Juhichi Okamoto (epileptology), Noboru Hatotani (psychoendocrinology), Hiroshi Ohashi (neuropsychology) in various fields of psychiatry. The third Professor Masashi Murakami (1953-1973) was an eminent psychopathologist, so that this Department was the most prominent research center for clinical psychopathology in Japan. Subsequently, Professor Hiroshi Ohashi (1973-1985), Professor Bin Kimura (1986-1994, anthropological psychopathology) and Koho Miyoshi (1995-1999, neuropsychiatry) succeeded to this Department one after another. In 1995, the Department of Psychiatry had divided into three Departments, namely Psychological Medicine, Neuropsychiatry and Forensic Psychiatry. However, in 2001 the former two Departments merged into the Department of Psychiatry, and the seventh Professor Takuji Hayashi (clinical psychiatry) was elected in 2001. He is investigating the biological bases of schizophrenic psychoses, among others, atypical psychoses using brain imaging and psychophysiological techniques.

The Department staff consists of 35 faculty members including 12 staff members, 5 residents and 18 graduate students. Daily clinical practice is being conducted in the 60-bed ward and in the outpatient clinic of more than 120 patients per day.

Outline of Teaching Activities:

The Department is responsible for teaching clinical psychiatry and related neuroscience to undergraduate and graduate students.

Outline of Research Activities:

The main subjects of research are as follows:

1. Clinical psychopathology of endogenous psychoses.

2. Brain imaging and neurophysiological studies of endogenous psychoses.

3. Brain imaging and neurophysiological studies of epilepsy.

4. Neuropsychological studies of autism.

5. Biochemical studies of eating disorders.

6. Psychoanalysis of personality disorders.

7. Transcultural psychiatry.

Professor: